Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-7 (of 7 Records) |
Query Trace: Simms D[original query] |
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Severe monkeypox in hospitalized patients - United States, August 10-October 10, 2022
Miller MJ , Cash-Goldwasser S , Marx GE , Schrodt CA , Kimball A , Padgett K , Noe RS , McCormick DW , Wong JM , Labuda SM , Borah BF , Zulu I , Asif A , Kaur G , McNicholl JM , Kourtis A , Tadros A , Reagan-Steiner S , Ritter JM , Yu Y , Yu P , Clinton R , Parker C , Click ES , Salzer JS , McCollum AM , Petersen B , Minhaj FS , Brown E , Fischer MP , Atmar RL , DiNardo AR , Xu Y , Brown C , Goodman JC , Holloman A , Gallardo J , Siatecka H , Huffman G , Powell J , Alapat P , Sarkar P , Hanania NA , Bruck O , Brass SD , Mehta A , Dretler AW , Feldpausch A , Pavlick J , Spencer H , Ghinai I , Black SR , Hernandez-Guarin LN , Won SY , Shankaran S , Simms AT , Alarcón J , O'Shea JG , Brooks JT , McQuiston J , Honein MA , O'Connor SM , Chatham-Stephens K , O'Laughlin K , Rao AK , Raizes E , Gold JAW , Morris SB . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2022 71 (44) 1412-1417 As of October 21, 2022, a total of 27,884 monkeypox cases (confirmed and probable) have been reported in the United States.(§) Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men have constituted a majority of cases, and persons with HIV infection and those from racial and ethnic minority groups have been disproportionately affected (1,2). During previous monkeypox outbreaks, severe manifestations of disease and poor outcomes have been reported among persons with HIV infection, particularly those with AIDS (3-5). This report summarizes findings from CDC clinical consultations provided for 57 patients aged ≥18 years who were hospitalized with severe manifestations of monkeypox(¶) during August 10-October 10, 2022, and highlights three clinically representative cases. Overall, 47 (82%) patients had HIV infection, four (9%) of whom were receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) before monkeypox diagnosis. Most patients were male (95%) and 68% were non-Hispanic Black (Black). Overall, 17 (30%) patients received intensive care unit (ICU)-level care, and 12 (21%) have died. As of this report, monkeypox was a cause of death or contributing factor in five of these deaths; six deaths remain under investigation to determine whether monkeypox was a causal or contributing factor; and in one death, monkeypox was not a cause or contributing factor.** Health care providers and public health professionals should be aware that severe morbidity and mortality associated with monkeypox have been observed during the current outbreak in the United States (6,7), particularly among highly immunocompromised persons. Providers should test all sexually active patients with suspected monkeypox for HIV at the time of monkeypox testing unless a patient is already known to have HIV infection. Providers should consider early commencement and extended duration of monkeypox-directed therapy(††) in highly immunocompromised patients with suspected or laboratory-diagnosed monkeypox.(§§) Engaging all persons with HIV in sustained care remains a critical public health priority. |
The role of applied epidemiology methods in the disaster management cycle
Malilay J , Heumann M , Perrotta D , Wolkin AF , Schnall AH , Podgornik MN , Cruz MA , Horney JA , Zane D , Roisman R , Greenspan JR , Thoroughman D , Anderson HA , Wells EV , Simms EF . Am J Public Health 2014 104 (11) e1-e11 Disaster epidemiology (i.e., applied epidemiology in disaster settings) presents a source of reliable and actionable information for decision-makers and stakeholders in the disaster management cycle. However, epidemiological methods have yet to be routinely integrated into disaster response and fully communicated to response leaders. We present a framework consisting of rapid needs assessments, health surveillance, tracking and registries, and epidemiological investigations, including risk factor and health outcome studies and evaluation of interventions, which can be practiced throughout the cycle. Applying each method can result in actionable information for planners and decision-makers responsible for preparedness, response, and recovery. Disaster epidemiology, once integrated into the disaster management cycle, can provide the evidence base to inform and enhance response capability within the public health infrastructure. |
Do maladaptive behaviors exist at one or both ends of personality traits?
Pettersson E , Mendle J , Turkheimer E , Horn EE , Ford DC , Simms LJ , Clark LA . Psychol Assess 2014 26 (2) 433-46 In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; American Psychiatric Association, 2013) personality disorder trait model, maladaptive behavior is located at one end of continuous scales. Widiger and colleagues, however, have argued that maladaptive behavior exists at both ends of trait continua. We propose that the role of evaluative variance differentiates these two perspectives and that once evaluation is isolated, maladaptive behaviors emerge at both ends of nonevaluative trait dimensions. In Study 1, we argue that evaluative variance is worthwhile to measure separately from descriptive content because it clusters items by valence regardless of content (e.g., lazy and workaholic; apathetic and anxious; gullible and paranoid; timid and hostile, etc.), which is unlikely to describe a consistent behavioral style. We isolate evaluation statistically (Study 2) and at the time of measurement (Study 3) to show that factors unrelated to valence evidence maladaptive behavior at both ends. We argue that nonevaluative factors, which display maladaptive behavior at both ends of continua, may better approximate ways in which individuals actually behave. |
Investigating suspected cancer clusters and responding to community concerns: guidelines from CDC and the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists
Abrams B , Anderson H , Blackmore C , Bove FJ , Condon SK , Eheman CR , Fagliano J , Haynes LB , Lewis LS , Major J , McGeehin MA , Simms E , Sircar K , Soler J , Stanbury M , Watkins SM , Wartenberg D . MMWR Recomm Rep 2013 62 1-24 This report augments guidelines published in 1990 for investigating clusters of health events (CDC. Guidelines for investigating clusters of health events. MMWR 1990;39[No. RR-11]). The 1990 Guidelines considered any noninfectious disease cluster, injuries, birth defects, and previously unrecognized syndromes or illnesses. These new guidelines focus on cancer clusters. State and local health departments can use these guidelines to develop a systematic approach to responding to community concerns regarding cancer clusters. The guidelines are intended to apply to situations in which a health department responds to an inquiry about a suspected cancer cluster in a residential or community setting only. Occupational or medical treatment-related clusters are not included in this report. Since 1990, many improvements have occurred in data resources, investigative techniques, and analytic/statistical methods, and much has been learned from both large- and small-scale cancer cluster investigations. These improvements and lessons have informed these updated guidelines. These guidelines utilize a four-step approach (initial response, assessment, major feasibility study, and etiologic investigation) as a tool for managing a reported cluster. Even if a cancer cluster is identified, there is no guarantee that a common cause or an environmental contaminant will be implicated. Identification of a common cause or an implicated contaminant might be an expected outcome for the concerned community. Therefore, during all parts of an inquiry, responders should be transparent, communicate clearly, and explain their decisions to the community. |
Permanent genetic resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 October 2011-30 November 2011.
Molecular Ecology Resources Primer Development Consortium , Abreu AG , Albaina A , Alpermann TJ , Apkenas VE , Bankhead-Dronnet S , Bergek S , Berumen ML , Cho CH , Clobert J , Coulon A , DEFeraudy D , Estonba A , Hankeln T , Hochkirch A , Hsu TW , Huang TJ , Irigoien X , Iriondo M , Kay KM , Kinitz T , Kothera L , LEHenanff M , Lieutier F , Lourdais O , Macrini CM , Manzano C , Martin C , Morris VR , Nanninga G , Pardo MA , Plieske J , Pointeau S , Prestegaard T , Quack M , Richard M , Savage HM , Schwarcz KD , Shade J , Simms EL , Solferini VN , Stevens VM , Veith M , Wen MJ , Wicker F , Yost JM , Zarraonaindia I . Mol Ecol Resour 2012 12 (2) 374-6 This article documents the addition of 139 microsatellite marker loci and 90 pairs of single-nucleotide polymorphism sequencing primers to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Aglaoctenus lagotis, Costus pulverulentus, Costus scaber, Culex pipiens, Dascyllus marginatus, Lupinus nanus Benth, Phloeomyzus passerini, Podarcis muralis, Rhododendron rubropilosum Hayata var. taiwanalpinum and Zoarces viviparus. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Culex quinquefasciatus, Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum Hay. ssp. morii (Hay.) Yamazaki and R. pseudochrysanthum Hayata. This article also documents the addition of 48 sequencing primer pairs and 90 allele-specific primers for Engraulis encrasicolus. |
The stability of markers in dried-blood spots for recommended newborn screening disorders in the United States
Adam BW , Hall EM , Sternberg M , Lim TH , Flores SR , O'Brien S , Simms D , Li LX , De Jesus VR , Hannon WH . Clin Biochem 2011 44 1445-50 OBJECTIVE: We aimed to measure separately the contributions of heat and humidity to changes in levels of 34 markers of inborn disorders in dried-blood-spot (DBS) samples. DESIGN AND METHODS: We stored paired sets of DBSs at 37 degrees C for predetermined intervals in low-humidity and high-humidity environments. Marker levels of all samples in each complete sample set were measured in a single analytic run. RESULTS: During the 30+/-5day studies, galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase and biotinidase lost almost 65% of initial activities in low-humidity storage; most of the degradation in 27 other markers was attributable to adverse effects of high-humidity storage; seven markers in DBSs stored at high humidity lost more than 90% of initial levels by the end of the study and 4 of the 7 lost more than 50% of initial levels within the first week of storage. CONCLUSIONS: Minimizing both humidity and temperature in DBS transportation and storage environments is essential to maintaining sample integrity. |
Pilot proficiency testing study for second tier congenital adrenal hyperplasia newborn screening
De Jesus VR , Simms DA , Schiffer J , Kennedy M , Mei JV , Hannon WH . Clin Chim Acta 2010 411 1684-7 BACKGROUND: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is caused by inherited defects in steroid biosynthesis. The Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program (NSQAP) initiated a pilot, dried blood spot (DBS)-based proficiency testing program designed to investigate materials and laboratory performance for second tier CAH screening by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). METHODS: The ratio of 17-alpha-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), androstenedione (4-AD) and cortisol is used as an indicator of CAH in laboratory protocols for second tier analysis of DBS specimens. DBS prepared by NSQAP contained a range of steroid concentrations resulting in different clinical ratios. Laboratories received blind-coded DBS specimens and reported results to NSQAP for evaluation. RESULTS: Quantitative values reported by participants for 17-OHP, 4-AD, cortisol, reflected small differences in their analytical methods. Average quantitative values for 17-OHP increased from 81% to 107% recovery over the 3.5-y period; cortisol recoveries increased from 61.9% to 89.5%, and 4-AD recoveries decreased from 184% to 68%. CONCLUSIONS: Laboratory participation in the CAH second tier proficiency testing program has resulted in improved analyte recoveries and enhanced sample preparation methodologies. NSQAP services for the second tier CAH analysis in DBS demonstrate the need for surveillance to ensure harmonization and continuous improvements, and to achieve sustained high-performance of newborn screening laboratories worldwide. |
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